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Worldwide, about 50 million people have chronic kidney disease (CKD). Among U.S. adults, the frequency of CKD varies from 9% to 16.8%.
About 67,000 people die each year due to renal failure, the 9th leading cause of death in America. In 2004, about 500,000 Americans had Stage 5 CKD, a number projected to reach 1,780,000 by 2020. Over 400,000 patients are on dialysis or have received kidney transplants.
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Despite the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention's recognition of CKD as a public health concern, lack of awareness of CKD among the public, CKD's asymptomatic nature at its early stages, and a shortage of renal care have hindered disease prevention.
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Asian, Hispanic, and African Americans experience a higher prevalence of end-stage CKD than Caucasian populations.
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